Effect of sowing date on development of Helminthosporium
leaf blight in wheat.
Kandel, Y. R., R. C. Sharma, S. M. Shrestha and G. B. KC. 2007. IAAS Research Advances Vol. 2. Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. pp. 155-160.
Keywords: Spot blotch, tan spot, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
Helminthosporium leaf blight caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is a very serious disease in non-traditional
wheat growing areas of the world. Due to high influence of environment and high
pathogen variability, its management is difficult. This study was conducted at
IAAS, Rampur to study the effect of seeding dates on
various susceptible and resistant cultivars of wheat for the management of the
disease by manipulating the seeding date during wheat growing season of 2002.
Six genotypes (RR 21, BL 1473, NL 297, Milanshanghai-7, NL 750, and NL 781)
having different level of resistance and maturity were planted on Nov. 26, Dec.
11, and Dec. 26 on four replicated strip split plot design. Epoxiconazole 'Opus'
was sprayed on vertical strip @ 0.05% Amount of fertilizer, seed rate, spacing
and other agronomical practices were applied as recommended. Percent diseased
leaf area (DLA) was scored from flag (F) and penultimate (F-1) leaves and plot
disease was also recorded by using double digit scale (00-99) method and area
under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Results showed that seeding
date had significant effect on AUDPC, AUDPC/d, flag leaf duration, days to
maturity, plant height, grain yield, biomass yield, harvest index, and thousand
kernel weight. AUDPC/d increased as delayed seeding and it negatively correlated
with the yield and yield components. Grain yield and thousand kernel weight in
non-sprayed plots decreased as delayed seeding. Flag leaf duration and days to
maturity reduced as delayed seeding, and reduced the grain-filling period. RR 21
showed the highest AUDPC and yield loss. Early variety BL 1473 showed tolerant
reaction as characterized by higher AUDPC and less yield loss. Late as well as
resistant genotypes Milan/Shanghai-7 and NL 750 had also yield some. Spraying
seemed much effective to prevent reduction in yield. Timely showing during Nov
26 is effective for controlling HLB and saving crop from severe yield losses.
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